==== MIPS Cross Compiler build ====

=== Commercial Version ===

There is a commercial free version available from Mentor Graphics. 

[[http://www.mentor.com/embedded-software/sourcery-tools/sourcery-codebench/editions/lite-edition/|Sourcery CodeBench Lite Edition]]

=== Build from source ===

What we need: 

  * [[http://www.gnu.org/software/binutils/|GNU Binutils]]
  * [[http://www.gnu.org/software/gcc/|GNU GCC]]
  * and others...

From a bare ubuntu 12.04 LTS you need to add the following packages:

<code>
sudo apt-get install build-essential m4 texinfo libncurses5-dev bzip2
</code>


Copy the script "build_mips.sh" from below to your home directory. Open a terminal window in ubuntu by starting dash and typing terminal. 
The click terminal which opens the terminal. To change the current directory to your home directory type

<code>
cd
</code>

To see the full path of the current directory:

<code>
pwd
</code>

List the directory contents with 

<code>
ls -la
</code>

Change the file attributes of "build_mips.sh" to executable with

<code>
chmod a+x build_mips.sh
</code>

Look into the bash script with 

<code>
less build_mips.sh
</code>

Extend the search path by appending "export PATH=$HOME/site/bin:$PATH" to your .profile file

Log out and login again to make the PATH variable active. Check your PATH variable with

<code>
echo $PATH
</code>

You should see the <..>/site/bin as the first entry. 

Run the build script with

<code>
./build_mips.sh
</code>


Here is the shell script for building the cross compiler chain. Handmade
stuff so you need to adapt. The script will build to a place in your home
directory. So first add this place to your PATH variable. 

<code bash build_mips.sh>
#!/bin/bash -ev
# -e => exit on error
# -v => verbose output

# Mips Cross Compiler

# Base directory
mkdir -p mips
# src directory
mkdir -p mips/src
# build directory
mkdir -p mips/build
# original archives
mkdir -p mips/orig

# Set the destination
export MYMIPS=${HOME}/site

# Versions
GMPVERSION="4.3.2"
PPLVERSION="0.12.1"
BINUTILSVERSION="2.24"
MPFRVERSION="2.4.2"
MPCVERSION="1.0.2"
ISLVERSION="0.12.2"
CLOOGVERSION="0.18.1"
GCCVERSION="4.8.2"
NEWLIBVERSION="1.20.0"
GDBVERSION="7.5.1"


########################################
# Binutils
########################################

# Get the archives
cd mips/orig 
if [ ! -e "binutils-${BINUTILSVERSION}.tar.bz2" ] ; then
  wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/binutils/binutils-${BINUTILSVERSION}.tar.bz2
fi

# Unpack to source directory
cd ../src
if [ ! -d "binutils-${BINUTILSVERSION}" ] ; then
tar -xvjf ../orig/binutils-${BINUTILSVERSION}.tar.bz2
fi 

cd ../build
mkdir -p binutils
cd binutils
if [ ! -e "config.status" ] ; then
../../src/binutils-${BINUTILSVERSION}/configure --target=mipsel-none-elf \
--prefix=$MYMIPS
fi

if [ ! -e "${MYMIPS}/bin/mipsel-none-elf-ld" ] ; then
make
make install
fi
cd ../../..

########################################
# GMP
########################################

# Get the archives
cd mips/orig 
if [ ! -e "gmp-${GMPVERSION}.tar.bz2" ] ; then
  wget ftp://ftp.halifax.rwth-aachen.de/gnu/gmp/gmp-4.3.2.tar.bz2
fi

# Unpack to source directory
cd ../src
if [ ! -d "gmp-${GMPVERSION}" ] ; then
tar -xjvf ../orig/gmp-${GMPVERSION}.tar.bz2
fi 

# Build
cd ../build
mkdir -p gmp
cd gmp
if [ ! -e "config.status" ] ; then	
../../src/gmp-${GMPVERSION}/configure --prefix=$MYMIPS --enable-cxx
fi
if [ ! -e "${MYMIPS}/lib/libgmp.a" ] ; then
make
make install
fi
cd ../../..


########################################
# PPL
########################################

# Get the archives
#cd mips/orig 
#if [ ! -e "ppl-${PPLVERSION}.tar.bz2" ] ; then
#  wget ftp://ftp.cs.unipr.it/pub/ppl/releases/${PPLVERSION}/ppl-${PPLVERSION}.tar.bz2
#fi

# Unpack to source directory
#cd ../src
#if [ ! -d "ppl-${PPLVERSION}" ] ; then
#tar -xjvf ../orig/ppl-${PPLVERSION}.tar.bz2
#fi 

#cd ../build
#mkdir -p ppl
#cd ppl
#if [ ! -e "config.status" ] ; then
#../../src/ppl-${PPLVERSION}/configure --prefix=$MYMIPS --with-gmp=$MYMIPS --with-sysroot=$MYMIPS
#fi
#if [ ! -e "${MYMIPS}/lib/libppl.a" ] ; then
#make 
#make install
#fi
#cd ../../..


######################################
# MPFR library
#######################################

# Get the archives
cd mips/orig 
if [ ! -e "mpfr-${MPFRVERSION}.tar.bz2" ] ; then
  wget ftp://ftp.halifax.rwth-aachen.de/gnu/mpfr/mpfr-${MPFRVERSION}.tar.bz2
fi

# Unpack to source directory
cd ../src
if [ ! -d "mpfr-${MPFRVERSION}" ] ; then
tar -xvjf ../orig/mpfr-${MPFRVERSION}.tar.bz2
fi

cd ../build
mkdir -p mpfr
cd mpfr
if [ ! -e "config.status" ] ; then
../../src/mpfr-${MPFRVERSION}/configure --prefix=$MYMIPS --with-gmp=$MYMIPS 
fi

if [ ! -e "${MYMIPS}/lib/libmpfr.a" ] ; then
make
make install
fi
cd ../../.. 

######################################
# MPC library
#######################################

# Get the archives
cd mips/orig 
if [ ! -e "mpc-${MPCVERSION}.tar.gz" ] ; then
  wget ftp://ftp.halifax.rwth-aachen.de/gnu/mpc/mpc-${MPCVERSION}.tar.gz
fi

# Unpack to source directory
cd ../src
if [ ! -d "mpc-${MPCVERSION}" ] ; then
tar -xvzf ../orig/mpc-${MPCVERSION}.tar.gz
fi

cd ../build
mkdir -p mpc
cd mpc
if [ ! -e "config.status" ] ; then
../../src/mpc-${MPCVERSION}/configure --prefix=$MYMIPS --with-gmp=$MYMIPS --with-mpfr=$MYMIPS
fi

if [ ! -e "${MYMIPS}/lib/libmpc.a" ] ; then
make
make install
fi
cd ../../.. 



##############
# ISL
##############

# Get the archives
cd mips/orig 
if [ ! -e "isl-${ISLVERSION}.tar.bz2" ] ; then
  wget  ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/isl-${ISLVERSION}.tar.bz2
fi


# Unpack to source directory
cd ../src
if [ ! -d "isl-${ISLVERSION}" ] ; then
tar -xvjf ../orig/isl-${ISLVERSION}.tar.bz2
fi

cd ../build
mkdir -p isl
cd isl
if [ ! -e "config.status" ] ; then
../../src/isl-${ISLVERSION}/configure --prefix=$MYMIPS --with-gmp-prefix=$MYMIPS 
fi

if [ ! -e "${MYMIPS}/lib/libisl.a" ] ; then
make
make install
fi
cd ../../.. 

##############
# CLOOG
##############

# Get the archives
cd mips/orig 
if [ ! -e "cloog-${CLOOGVERSION}.tar.gz" ] ; then
  wget  ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/cloog-${CLOOGVERSION}.tar.gz
fi


# Unpack to source directory
cd ../src
if [ ! -d "cloog-${CLOOGVERSION}" ] ; then
tar -xvzf ../orig/cloog-${CLOOGVERSION}.tar.gz
fi

cd ../build
mkdir -p cloog
cd cloog
if [ ! -e "config.status" ] ; then
../../src/cloog-${CLOOGVERSION}/configure --prefix=$MYMIPS --with-gmp-prefix=$MYMIPS --with-isl=system --with-isl-prefix=$MYMIPS
fi

if [ ! -e "${MYMIPS}/lib/libcloog-isl.a" ] ; then
make
make install
fi
cd ../../.. 


########################################
# newlib
########################################

# Get the archives
cd mips/orig

if [ ! -e "newlib-${NEWLIBVERSION}.tar.gz" ] ; then
  wget ftp://sourceware.org/pub/newlib/newlib-${NEWLIBVERSION}.tar.gz
fi

# Unpack to source directory
cd ../src
if [ ! -d "newlib-${NEWLIBVERSION}" ] ; then
tar -xvzf ../orig/newlib-${NEWLIBVERSION}.tar.gz
fi 

cd ../..

########################################
# gcc first stage
########################################

# Get the archives
cd mips/orig 
if [ ! -e "gcc-${GCCVERSION}.tar.bz2" ] ; then
  wget ftp://ftp.halifax.rwth-aachen.de/gnu/gcc/gcc-${GCCVERSION}/gcc-${GCCVERSION}.tar.bz2
fi

# Unpack to source directory
cd ../src
if [ ! -d "gcc-${GCCVERSION}" ] ; then
tar -xvjf ../orig/gcc-${GCCVERSION}.tar.bz2
fi 

cd ../build
mkdir -p gcc-stage1
cd gcc-stage1
if [ ! -e "config.status" ] ; then
LDFLAGS="-Wl,-rpath,$MYMIPS/lib" \
../../src/gcc-${GCCVERSION}/configure --target=mipsel-none-elf \
--prefix=$MYMIPS \
--with-gmp=$MYMIPS \
--with-mpfr=$MYMIPS \
--with-mpc=$MYMIPS \
--with-isl=$MYMIPS \
--with-newlib --without-headers \
--disable-shared --disable-threads --disable-libssp \
--disable-libgomp --disable-libmudflap \
--enable-languages="c"  
fi

if [ ! -e "${MYMIPS}/bin/mipsel-none-elf-gcc" ] ; then
make all-gcc
make install-gcc
fi
cd ../../..

########################################
# newlib
########################################

# Build
cd mips/build
mkdir -p newlib
cd newlib
if [ ! -e "config.status" ] ; then
../../src/newlib-${NEWLIBVERSION}/configure --prefix=$MYMIPS --target=mipsel-none-elf 
fi

if [ ! -e "${MYMIPS}/mipsel-none-elf/lib/libc.a" ] ; then
make
make install
fi
cd ../../.. 

########################################
# gcc second stage
########################################

cd mips/build
mkdir -p gcc-stage2
cd gcc-stage2
if [ ! -e "config.status" ] ; then
LDFLAGS="-Wl,-rpath,$MYMIPS/lib" \
../../src/gcc-${GCCVERSION}/configure --target=mipsel-none-elf \
--prefix=$MYMIPS \
--with-gmp=$MYMIPS \
--with-mpfr=$MYMIPS \
--with-mpc=$MYMIPS \
--with-isl=$MYMIPS \
--with-newlib  \
--disable-shared --disable-threads --disable-libssp \
--disable-libgomp --disable-libmudflap \
--enable-languages="c,c++"  
fi

if [ ! -e "${MYMIPS}/bin/mipsel-none-elf-g++" ] ; then
make all
make install
fi
cd ../../..


########################################
# GDB
########################################

# Get the archives
cd mips/orig 
if [ ! -e "gdb-${GDBVERSION}.tar.bz2" ] ; then
  wget ftp://ftp.halifax.rwth-aachen.de/gnu/gdb/gdb-${GDBVERSION}.tar.bz2
fi

# Unpack to source directory
cd ../src
if [ ! -d "gdb-${GDBVERSION}" ] ; then
tar -xvjf ../orig/gdb-${GDBVERSION}.tar.bz2
fi 

cd ../build
mkdir -p gdb
cd gdb
if [ ! -e "config.status" ] ; then
../../src/gdb-${GDBVERSION}/configure --target=mipsel-none-elf  \
--enable-sim-trace \
--enable-sim-stdio \
--prefix=$MYMIPS 
fi

if [ ! -e "${MYMIPS}/bin/mipsel-none-elf-gdb" ] ; then
make
make install
fi
cd ../../..

</code>

===== Compile and Run an example =====

Here is an example mini c code to test the compiler. 

<code c hello.c>
/* Hello world */
#include <stdio.h>

int myfunc(int a, int b){
  int k; 
  k = a + b; 

  k += 7; 
  k *= 6; 
  return k; 
}

int main(){
  int i,j,m;  
  j = 3;
  m = 2;
  
  for(i=0;i<5;i++){
    m += myfunc(i,j);  
    printf("m is %d\n",m);
  }
  return 0;
}
</code>

Compile to Assembler for viewing

<code>
mipsel-none-elf-gcc -S hello.c
</code>

The output assembler code is in hello.s. 

Compile and link ready for simulation with instruction set simulator

<code>
mipsel-none-elf-gcc -o hello -Tidt.ld hello.c
</code>

Run the code

<code>
mipsel-none-elf-run hello
</code>

=== Analyze ===

Produce an annoted source code showing how often lines are executed. 

<code>
gcc -fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage -o hello hello.c
./hello
gcov hello.c
</code>

This produces the file hello.c.gcov showing the annotated source file.  

=== Tracing in instruction set simulator ===

Run with instruction tracing in the simulator

<code>
mipsel-none-elf-gcc -Tidt.ld -o hello hello.c
mipsel-none-elf-run --trace-insn=on --trace-file trace hello
</code>

===== Test the compiler =====

<code>
sudo apt-get install dejagnu
</code>

<code>
cd
cd mips/build/gcc-stage2
make check-gcc RUNTESTFLAGS=--target_board=mips-sim
</code>

===== Install git and download a simple project  =====

Install git and download a simple project

<code>
sudo apt-get install git
cd
mkdir projects
cd projects
git clone https://git.etech.fh-augsburg.de/friedrich.beckmann/myfirst.git
</code>

Now you have the simple project "myfirst" in your directory. 

=== Try the MIPS Cross Compiler ===

Change to the src directory and compile the code with the cross compiler. 

<code>
cd myfirst
cd src
mipsel-none-elf-gcc -S hello.c
less hello.s
</code>

Now you have the compiled assembler code "hello.s". To compile to binary do: 

<code>
mipsel-none-elf-gcc -o hello -Tidt.ld hello.c
</code>

Now you have the binary "hello". You can run the binary in the instruction set simulator with

<code>
mipsel-none-elf-run hello
</code>

This will run the binary with the mips instruction set simulator. You should see "Hello World". 



===== Open OCD =====

[[dt_openocd]]